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table, th, td {
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border: 1px solid;
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border-collapse: collapse;
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padding: 6px 15px;
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margin: auto;
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>Title</title>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<style>
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@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Yanone+Kaffeesatz);
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@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Serif:400,700,400italic);
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@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu+Mono:400,700,400italic);
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body { font-family: 'Droid Serif'; }
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h1, h2, h3 {
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font-family: 'Yanone Kaffeesatz';
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font-weight: normal;
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}
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.remark-code, .remark-inline-code { font-family: 'Ubuntu Mono'; }
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</style>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<script src="https://remarkjs.com/downloads/remark-latest.min.js"></script>
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<script>
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var slideshow = remark.create({
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sourceUrl: 'slides.md',
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highlightLines: true,
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});
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</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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class: center, middle
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# Introduction to Programming
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## Irene - Dec 24, 2022
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---
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# Basics of Computers
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Computers are made of three basic parts
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1. Processing
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2. Input/Output
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3. Storage
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???
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Start by talking about how a computer has three parts. Draw an analogy to the human body.
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Draw this diagram on board to explain the interaction
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```
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----------- ---------------- -------------
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| Input | <--> | Processing | <---> | Storage |
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----------- ---------------- -------------
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^
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|
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v
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------------
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| Output |
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------------
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```
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--
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- Processing is done by the CPU.
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- Input/Output devices are for instance: keyboard, mouse.
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---
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# How do Computers Speak?
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Computers use a different language than humans. Just like humans communicate in
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natural languages like Hindi, Kashmiri, English, etc, computers communicate in
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binary.
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- English: `marker`
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- Binary: ` 01101101 01100001 01110010 01101011 01100101 01110010`
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--
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## ASCII Codes
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| Letter | Decimal | Binary |
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|:------:|:-------:|----------|
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| A | 65 | 01000001 |
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| a | 97 | 01100001 |
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| B | 66 | 01000010 |
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| b | 98 | 01100010 |
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| . | 46 | 00101110 |
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---
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# How does code run?
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- Computers read a piece of code from memory.
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- Each number is a special instruction.
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- The number tells the computer what to do.
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- The computer executes this and then moves on to the next instruction.
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???
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Build a hypothetical machine. Create ASM for it.
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```
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0001 ADD
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0010 SUB
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0011 MUL
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0100 DIV
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0101 INP
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```
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---
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# Programming Languages
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- Early on, programs were written in binary.
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- Then to make things simpler, programs were written in Assembly.
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- And the progression continued to make higher and higher languages.
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???
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explain the transition
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give examples of ADDR and 00101110
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e.g.
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```
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01000010 01100001
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```
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```
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ADD 0xff
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```
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--
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## Example code
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```python
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name = input("What is your name?")
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print("Welcome", name)
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```
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---
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# How do you create apps?
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There are multiple languages that help us in various different tasks
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--
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- General Purpose Languages are used for a variety of things
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- Python is used in Desktop Apps, Data Science, Machine Learning, Web Servers, etc.
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- JS is used for website development, backend development, etc.
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- Java is used for servers, Android Applications, etc.
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--
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- Special Languages help us develop specific things.
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- HTML is used for creating content of websites.
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- CSS is used for styling webpages.
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- XML is used for storing data.
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---
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# Python
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Python is a general purpose programming language. It is a beginner friendly
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programming language. For this session, we will skip the installation but you
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can simply install it by downloading the setup from
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[python.org](https://python.org).
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We will be using an application called IDLE to run our code.
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???
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Open IDLE and explain how running the code works and how we can store files and
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run the code inside them. Introduce to some basic ideas like using interpreter
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as a calculator, stdout and thus print.
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---
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# Memory and Variables
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Memory is where our program stores data. It is different than Hard Disk as it
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is a temporary storage. When we write programs, we store tiny bits of data to
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this storage. We can access this data by variables.
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```
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*a = 100
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print(a)
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*b = "Jinal"
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print(b)
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```
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???
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Explain memory in depth. Drop into idle and run the code. Explain that we are
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storing data in the memory and print is the command to send it through to
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output
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---
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# Data Types
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Python has various data types. The basic data types available are:
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- Boolean
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- Integer
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- Float
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- String
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???
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Explain type conversion and introduce to int and float functions. Explain addition on types.
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---
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# Task: Ask for two numbers and add them
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--
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```python
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str1 = input("Enter Number 1: ")
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num1 = int(str1)
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```
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--
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```python
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str2 = input("Enter Number 2: ")
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num2 = int(str2)
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```
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--
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```python
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total = num1 + num2
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print(total)
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```
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